python 发送带各种附件的邮件示例

简述下如何使用python发送各种附件的邮件，比如word、excel、pdf、txt，以及在正文插入图片等等

如下所示，

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# coding=utf-8

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
from smtplib import SMTP_SSL

from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.encoders import encode_base64
import os
import traceback


def send_mail(mail_title,
              mail_content=None,
              attachment_img=None,
              attachment_txt=None,
              attachment_pdf=None,
              attachment_excel=None,
              attachment_word=None):
    # qq邮箱smtp服务器
    host_server = 'smtp.qq.com'
    # sender_qq为发件人的qq号码
    sender_qq = '947118251'
    # pwd为qq邮箱的授权码
    pwd = 'tvjl******zpbebb'
    # 发件人的邮箱
    sender_qq_mail = '947118251@qq.com'
    # 收件人邮箱
    # receiver = 'znwindy@gmail.com'
    receiver = '947118251@qq.com'

    try:
        # ssl登录
        smtp = SMTP_SSL(host_server)
        # set_debuglevel()是用来调试的。参数值为1表示开启调试模式，参数值为0关闭调试模式
        smtp.set_debuglevel(1)
        smtp.ehlo(host_server)
        smtp.login(sender_qq, pwd)

        # msg = MIMEText(mail_content, "plain", 'utf-8')
        msg = MIMEMultipart('related')
        msg["Subject"] = Header(mail_title, 'utf-8')
        msg["From"] = sender_qq_mail
        msg["To"] = receiver

        msgAlternative = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
        msg.attach(msgAlternative)

        # image attach
        if attachment_img:
            mail_body = '<b>%s</b><br><img src="cid:%s"><br>' % (mail_content, attachment_img)
            msgText = (MIMEText(mail_body, 'html', 'utf-8'))
            msgAlternative.attach(msgText)
            with open(attachment_img, 'rb') as fp:
                msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())
            msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<{}>'.format(attachment_img))
            msg.attach(msgImage)

        # txt attach
        if attachment_txt:
            file_name = os.path.split(attachment_txt)[1]
            att1 = MIMEText(open(attachment_txt, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
            att1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
            # 这里的filename可以任意写，写什么名字，邮件中显示什么名字
            att1["Content-Disposition"] = f'attachment; filename="{file_name}"'
            msg.attach(att1)

        # pdf attach
        if attachment_pdf:
            with open(attachment_pdf, "rb") as fp:
                fileMsg = MIMEBase('application', 'pdf')
                fileMsg.set_payload(fp.read())
                encode_base64(fileMsg)
                fileMsg.add_header('Content-Disposition', f'attachment;filename={os.path.split(attachment_pdf)[1]}')
                msg.attach(fileMsg)

        # excel attach
        if attachment_excel:
            part = MIMEBase('application', "vnd.ms-excel")
            with open(attachment_excel, "rb") as fp:
                part.set_payload(fp.read())
                encode_base64(part)
                part.add_header('Content-Disposition', f'attachment; filename="{os.path.split(attachment_excel)[1]}"')
                msg.attach(part)

        # word attach
        if attachment_word:
            with open(attachment_word, "rb") as fp:
                part = MIMEApplication(fp.read())
                part.add_header('Content-Disposition', f'attachment; filename="{os.path.split(attachment_word)[1]}"')
                part.set_charset('utf-8')
                msg.attach(part)

        smtp.sendmail(sender_qq_mail, receiver, msg.as_string())
        smtp.quit()
        print('Success!')
    except:
        print('Error!')
        traceback.print_exc()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    send_mail(mail_title='爬虫结束了，正常退出!',
              mail_content='你好，这是使用python登录qq邮箱发邮件的测试',
              attachment_img='../data/test.jpg',
              attachment_txt='../data/start_urls.txt',
              attachment_pdf='../data/Gmail - How to add images in the product description_.pdf',
              attachment_excel='../data/shops.xlsx',
              attachment_word='../data/asdasd.docx')